iddah the waiting period, step by step

After a divorce, do I have to avoid perfume, makeup and jewelry the way a widow does?

The mourning a widow keeps is not the default for a divorced woman. After a revocable divorce there is no iḥdād, with no disagreement known.123 After a final divorce the schools differ: the Ḥanafī school makes it obligatory, the Shāfiʿī school recommends it, and the Mālikī and Ḥanbalī schools do not require it.3456

What the four schools say

The schools agree there is no iḥdād after a revocable divorce. After a final divorce they differ: obligatory (Ḥanafī), recommended (Shāfiʿī, with one view that it is obligatory), not required (Mālikī), permitted but not recommended (Ḥanbalī, with a second narration that it is obligatory).

  • Ḥanafī الحنفية

    Iḥdād is for a woman in the iddah of a final divorce or of death, and she keeps it even if the man who divorced her told her not to.4 There is no iḥdād in the iddah of a revocable divorce.2

  • Mālikī المالكية

    Iḥdād is required of the widow only, not of the divorced woman.5

  • Shāfiʿī الشافعية

    Iḥdād is obligatory in the iddah of death and not for a revocably divorced woman; it is recommended for a finally divorced woman, and in one view obligatory.3

  • Ḥanbalī الحنابلة

    There is no iḥdād on a revocably divorced woman.1 For a finally divorced woman it is permitted by consensus but not recommended6; Ibn Qudāmah reports two narrations from Aḥmad, one making it obligatory and one not.8

What can change this

  • Where it is kept after a final divorce, the Ḥanafī text describes the same leaving of adornment as for a widow: jewelry, silk, perfume, oil, kohl, henna and dyed clothes, except for an excuse.4
  • In the Ḥanbalī school the revocably divorced woman keeps to the home like a widow, but not in mourning.7

Sources

  1. 1

    Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), 8:155

    Open: Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), 8:155 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 1

    وَلَا إحْدَادَ عَلَى الرَّجْعِيَّةِ. بِغَيْرِ خِلَافٍ نَعْلَمُهُ

    There is no iḥdād on a revocably divorced woman, with no disagreement that we know of.

  2. 2

    Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:532

    Open: Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:532 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 2

    لَا) حِدَادَ عَلَى سَبْعَةٍ: كَافِرَةٍ وَصَغِيرَةٍ، وَمَجْنُونَةٍ وَ (مُعْتَدَّةِ عِتْقٍ) كَمَوْتِهِ عَنْ أُمِّ وَلَدِهِ (وَ) مُعْتَدَّةِ (نِكَاحٍ فَاسِدٍ) أَوْ وَطْءٍ بِشُبْهَةٍ أَوْ طَلَاقٍ رَجْعِيٍّ

    There is no iḥdād on seven, among them a woman in the iddah of an invalid marriage, of intercourse by mistake, or of a revocable divorce.

  3. 3

    al-Nawawī, Minhāj al-Ṭālibīn (Shāfiʿī), p. 256

    Open: al-Nawawī, Minhāj al-Ṭālibīn (Shāfiʿī), p. 256 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 3

    ويجب الإحداد على معتد وفاة لا رجعية ويستحب لبائن وفي قول يجب

    Iḥdād is obligatory for a woman in the iddah of death, not for a revocably divorced woman; it is recommended for a finally divorced woman, and in one view obligatory.

  4. 4

    Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:530–531

    Open: Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:530–531 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 4

    وَشَرْعًا تَرْكُ الزِّينَةِ وَنَحْوِهَا لِمُعْتَدَّةِ بَائِنٍ، أَوْ مَوْتٍ … إذَا كَانَتْ مُعْتَدَّةَ بَتٍّ، أَوْ مَوْتٍ) وَإِنْ أَمَرَهَا الْمُطَلِّقُ، أَوْ الْمَيِّتُ بِتَرْكِهِ لِأَنَّهُ حَقُّ الشَّرْعِ، إظْهَارًا لِلتَّأَسُّفِ عَلَى فَوَاتِ النِّكَاحِ (بِتَرْكِ الزِّينَةِ) بِحُلِيٍّ أَوْ حَرِيرٍ، أَوْ امْتِشَاطٍ بِضَيِّقِ الْأَسْنَانِ (وَالطِّيبِ) وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا كَسْبٌ إلَّا فِيهِ (وَالدُّهْنِ) وَلَوْ بِلَا طِيبٍ كَزَيْتٍ خَالِصٍ (وَالْكُحْلِ وَالْحِنَّاءِ وَلُبْسِ الْمُعَصْفَرِ وَالْمُزَعْفَرِ) وَمَصْبُوغٍ بِمَغْرَةٍ، أَوْ وَرْسٍ (إلَّا بِعُذْرٍ

    In the law, iḥdād is leaving adornment and the like, for a woman in the iddah of a final (bāʾin) divorce or of death. She observes it if she is in the iddah of a final divorce or of death, even if the divorcing husband or the deceased told her to leave it, because it is a right of the Sharīʿah, as a show of sorrow at the loss of the marriage: by leaving adornment with jewelry or silk, combing with a fine-toothed comb, perfume, oil (even unscented), kohl, henna, and clothes dyed with safflower, saffron or red clay, except for an excuse.

  5. 5

    al-Dardīr, al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr ʿalā Mukhtaṣar Khalīl, with Ḥāshiyat al-Dasūqī (Mālikī), 2:478

    Open: al-Dardīr, al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr ʿalā Mukhtaṣar Khalīl, with Ḥāshiyat al-Dasūqī (Mālikī), 2:478 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 5

    وَتَرَكَتْ) الْمَرْأَةُ (الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا) (فَقَطْ) لَا الْمُطَلَّقَةُ وُجُوبًا

    Iḥdād is required of the widow only, not of the divorced woman.

3 more sources, 6 to 8
  1. 6

    al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ ʿan Matn al-Iqnāʿ (Ḥanbalī), 5:428

    Open: al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ ʿan Matn al-Iqnāʿ (Ḥanbalī), 5:428 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 6

    وَيُبَاحُ) الْإِحْدَادُ (لِبَائِنٍ) كَالْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلَاثًا وَالْمُخْتَلِعَةُ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ ذَكَرَهُ فِي الْمُبْدِعِ لَكِنْ لَا يُسَنُّ

    Iḥdād is permitted for a finally divorced woman, such as one divorced three times or by khulʿ, by consensus (as al-Mubdiʿ reports), but it is not recommended.

  2. 7

    al-Buhūtī, Sharḥ Muntahā al-Irādāt (Ḥanbalī), 3:206

    Open: al-Buhūtī, Sharḥ Muntahā al-Irādāt (Ḥanbalī), 3:206 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 7

    وَرَجْعِيَّةٌ فِي لُزُومِ مَنْزِلِ) مُطَلِّقِهَا لَا فِي الْإِحْدَادِ (كَمُتَوَفًّى عَنْهَا … وَتَعْتَدُّ بَائِنٌ) بِطَلْقَةٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ أَوْ فَسْخٍ (بِ) مَكَان (مَأْمُونٍ مِنْ الْبَلَدِ) الَّذِي بَانَتْ فِيهِ (حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ

    A revocably divorced woman is like the widow in keeping to the [marital] home, not in iḥdād. A finally divorced woman (by one divorce or more, or an annulment) keeps her iddah in a safe place in the town where she was separated, wherever she chooses.

  3. 8

    Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), 8:164

    Open: Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), 8:164 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 8

    اخْتَلَفَتْ الرِّوَايَةُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ، فِي وُجُوبِ الْإِحْدَادِ عَلَى الْمُطَلَّقَةِ الْبَائِنِ؛ فَعَنْهُ، يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَأَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، وَأَبِي ثَوْرٍ، وَأَصْحَابِ الرَّأْيِ. وَالثَّانِيَةُ، لَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا

    The narrations from Aḥmad differ on whether iḥdād is obligatory for a finally divorced woman: in one it is obligatory; in the second it is not.

Pending scholarly review · Every point here is from the sources cited. It has not yet been reviewed by a scholar.

Sources checked (7 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1448)

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