Someone has hinted that he would like to marry me. Is that allowed during my iddah, and when can I accept a proposal?
A hint is allowed to a widow; an open proposal, a promise to marry, or the marriage contract itself must wait until the iddah has run its full term.1 All four schools allow the hint and forbid the open proposal, and the Qurʾān says: "do not determine to undertake a marriage contract until the decreed period reaches its end."1
What the four schools say
All four schools forbid an explicit proposal to a woman in iddah and allow a hint to a widow.
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Ḥanafī الحنفية
Proposing to a woman in iddah is forbidden. A hint, such as "I want to marry", is valid if she is in the iddah of death, but not to a divorced woman, by consensus.3
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Mālikī المالكية
An explicit proposal to a woman in iddah, from death or divorce, is forbidden, and so is a mutual promise of marriage.4 A hint is allowed in a widow’s iddah, such as "someone like you is wanted" or "good will come to you from us".5
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Shāfiʿī الشافعية
An explicit proposal to a woman in iddah is not lawful; a hint is lawful in the iddah of death.6
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Ḥanbalī الحنابلة
A hint is permitted in the iddah of death.7 An explicit proposal (words that can mean nothing but marriage) is forbidden in a final iddah, partly because eagerness might lead her to say her iddah had ended before it had.8 She may answer with a hint, such as "If something is decreed, it will be".9
What can change this
- What a hint sounds like: Ibn ʿAbbās gave "I want to marry, and I wish that Allah will make a righteous lady available for me". ʿAṭāʾ said she may reply "I am listening to what you say", but should not make a promise.2
Sources
- 1
Qurʾān, al-Baqarah 2:235
- 2
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 5124 (Ibn ʿAbbās, al-Qāsim and ʿAṭāʾ, on 2:235) · None shown on sunnah.com (Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī; a report of Companions and Successors, not a saying of the Prophet ﷺ)
- 3
Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:534
- 4
al-Dasūqī, Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr of al-Dardīr (Mālikī), 2:217
- 5
al-Dasūqī, Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr of al-Dardīr (Mālikī), 2:219
4 more sources, 6 to 9
- 6
al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Shāfiʿī), 4:219
- 7
al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ (Ḥanbalī), ed. Muṣayliḥī, 5:18
- 8
al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ (Ḥanbalī), ed. Muṣayliḥī, 5:18
- 9
al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ (Ḥanbalī), ed. Muṣayliḥī, 5:18