iddah, home

Can I go to the doctor, the store, or drive my children to school while I am in iddah?

  • Can I go out for groceries if no one else can get them?
  • I have a court date or an appointment about his estate. Can I go?
  • Do I have to stay inside the house the whole time?
  • What about Eid?

The short answer

Yes, by day, for what you need. All four schools let a widow go out by day for her needs and come home to sleep.12 The books name buying food and earning a living; the hospital, the market and the courthouse are named as needs in contemporary fatwās.34 No text we opened names the school run; whether it is a need for you is a question for your imam.

All four schools allow her to go out by day for her needs and to sleep at home. They differ on how late in the evening she may be out.

What the four schools say

  • Ḥanafī الحنفية

    The widow goes out by day for her need and does not spend the night anywhere but her home; once the need is met she does not spend time outside.17

  • Mālikī المالكية

    She may go out for her needs by day, and at the two ends of the day if that time is safe.8

  • Shāfiʿī الشافعية

    She may go out by day to buy food and the like, and in the evening to a neighbor’s house, on condition that she comes back and sleeps at home.910

  • Ḥanbalī الحنابلة

    She may go out for her needs by day, the time when people go about their needs and buy what they need; at night only for necessity.2

What can change this

  • At night: the Ḥanbalī text allows going out only for necessity; a contemporary fatwā says the same.5
  • If someone else can do the errand for you, some fatwās say to let them; the hospital and the market are named for when no one else can.3
  • Government offices and court: contemporary fatwās treat them as needs, and say going out for them does not break the iddah.46

Sources

  1. 1

    Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:536

    Open: Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:536 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 1

    وَوَجْهُ الدَّفْعِ أَنَّ مُعْتَدَّةَ الْمَوْتِ لَمَّا كَانَتْ فِي الْعَادَةِ مُحْتَاجَةً إلَى الْخُرُوجِ لِأَجْلِ أَنْ تَكْتَسِبَ لِلنَّفَقَةِ قَالُوا: إنَّهَا تَخْرُجُ فِي النَّهَارِ وَبَعْضِ اللَّيْلِ، بِخِلَافِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ. وَأَمَّا الْخُرُوجُ لِلضَّرُورَةِ فَلَا فَرْقَ فِيهِ بَيْنَهُمَا كَمَا نَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا يَأْتِي، فَالْمُرَادُ بِهِ هُنَا غَيْرُ الضَّرُورَةِ، وَلِهَذَا بَعْدَمَا أَطْلَقَ فِي كَافِي الْحَاكِمِ مَنْعَ خُرُوجِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ قَالَ: وَالْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا تَخْرُجُ بِالنَّهَارِ لِحَاجَتِهَا وَلَا تَبِيتُ فِي غَيْرِ مَنْزِلِهَا

    Ibn ʿĀbidīn: because the widow is usually in need of going out to earn her maintenance, they said she goes out by day and part of the night, unlike the divorced woman; going out for necessity is the same for both. al-Kāfī of al-Ḥākim says: the widow goes out by day for her need and does not spend the night anywhere but her home.

  2. 2

    Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), Maktabat al-Qāhirah edition, 8:163

    Open: Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), Maktabat al-Qāhirah edition, 8:163 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 2

    (٦٣٩٧) فَصْلٌ: وَلِلْمُعْتَدَّةِ الْخُرُوجُ فِي حَوَائِجِهَا نَهَارًا، سَوَاءٌ كَانَتْ مُطَلَّقَةً أَوْ مُتَوَفًّى عَنْهَا. لِمَا رَوَى «جَابِرٌ قَالَ طَلُقَتْ خَالَتِي ثَلَاثًا، فَخَرَجَتْ تَجُذُّ نَخْلَهَا، فَلَقِيَهَا رَجُلٌ، فَنَهَاهَا، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ اُخْرُجِي، فَجُذِّي نَخْلَك، لَعَلَّك أَنْ تَصَّدَّقِي مِنْهُ، أَوْ تَفْعَلِي خَيْرًا» . رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيّ، وَأَبُو دَاوُد. وَرَوَى مُجَاهِدٌ، قَالَ: «اُسْتُشْهِدَ رِجَالٌ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَجَاءَتْ نِسَاؤُهُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَقُلْنَ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَسْتَوْحِشُ بِاللَّيْلِ، أَفَنَبِيتُ عِنْدَ إحْدَانَا، فَإِذَا أَصْبَحْنَا بَادَرْنَا إلَى بُيُوتِنَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: تَحَدَّثْنَ عِنْدَ إحْدَاكُنَّ، حَتَّى إذَا أَرَدْتُنَّ النَّوْمَ، فَلْتَؤُبْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ إلَى بَيْتِهَا» . وَلَيْسَ لَهَا الْمَبِيتُ فِي غَيْرِ بَيْتِهَا، وَلَا الْخُرُوجُ لَيْلًا، إلَّا لِضَرُورَةٍ؛ لِأَنَّ اللَّيْلَ مَظِنَّةُ الْفَسَادِ، بِخِلَافِ النَّهَارِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَظِنَّةُ قَضَاءِ الْحَوَائِج وَالْمَعَاشِ، وَشِرَاءِ مَا يُحْتَاجُ إلَيْهِ.

    The woman in iddah may go out for her needs by day, divorced or widowed, because of Jābir's report about his aunt harvesting her palms, and a report from Mujāhid about the widows of Uḥud (talk together at one house, then each goes home to sleep). She may not spend the night anywhere but her home, nor go out at night except for necessity, because night is when harm is feared, unlike the day, when needs, livelihood and shopping are done.

  3. 3

    IslamQA 4706, "What Must the Mourning Widow Abide By" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Shaikh ibn Baz)

    Open: IslamQA 4706, "What Must the Mourning Widow Abide By" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Shaikh ibn Baz) ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 3

    However, there are many other acts that the general masses believe or have fabricated concerning a mourning woman. For example, they say that she cannot talk to anyone, she may not talk on the phone, she can only take a shower once a week, she cannot walk barefoot in her house, she cannot go out under the light of the moon, and other superstitions that are simply false. There is no basis for any of these. She may walk barefoot or with shoes in her house. She fulfills her needs in the house, such as cooking her food and the food of her guests. She may go out in the light of the moon on her roof or in her garden. She may wash herself whenever she wishes. She may speak to anyone she wishes as long as it is not suspicious speech. ... She must wear clothing which is not beautiful or attractive, regardless of whether it be black, green or otherwise.

  4. 4

    IslamQA 286707, "(widow attending her child’s wedding)" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A, quoting Majmoo‘ Fataawa Ibn Baaz 22/199)

    Open: IslamQA 286707, "(widow attending her child’s wedding)" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A, quoting Majmoo‘ Fataawa Ibn Baaz 22/199) ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 4

    She may go out when needed, such as to go to the courthouse or the hospital or the market. ... there is nothing wrong with your mother attending it, if she avoids wearing adornment and perfume, because her going out in that case is going out for a need. But she must stay overnight in her own house.

  5. 5

    IslamQA 108229, "Can Women in `Iiddah Go Out to Pray Tarawih and Go to Work?" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A)

    Open: IslamQA 108229, "Can Women in `Iiddah Go Out to Pray Tarawih and Go to Work?" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A) ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 5

    The woman who is observing `iddah following the death of her husband should not go out at night except in cases of necessity. Your going out to pray Tarawih is not a necessity. ... It is permissible for the woman who is observing `iddah following the death of her husband to go out during the day to work, but when night comes she has to stay at home.

5 more sources, 6 to 10
  1. 6

    IslamQA 101546, "(widow who left home for residency matters)" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A)

    Open: IslamQA 101546, "(widow who left home for residency matters)" (contemporary fatwā; source given on the page: Islam Q&A) ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 6

    This period begins when the husband dies, and ends when the time is over, whether the wife adheres to the rulings on mourning or not, and whether she knows of her husband’s death or not. ... there is nothing wrong with your mother going out to deal with government business, in sha Allah, and she is not regarded as breaking her ‘iddah, because she is going out for a need or for something essential. [Quoting Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah 20/421:] If a woman deliberately does not observe mourning then she is sinning, and she has to repent and seek forgiveness.

  2. 7

    Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:536

    Open: Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:536 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 7

    (وَمُعْتَدَّةُ مَوْتٍ تَخْرُجُ فِي الْجَدِيدَيْنِ وَتَبِيتُ) أَكْثَرَ اللَّيْلِ (فِي مَنْزِلِهَا) لِأَنَّ نَفَقَتَهَا عَلَيْهَا فَتَحْتَاجُ لِلْخُرُوجِ، حَتَّى لَوْ كَانَ عِنْدَهَا كِفَايَتُهَا صَارَتْ كَالْمُطَلَّقَةِ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهَا الْخُرُوجُ فَتْحٌ.

    (Matn and commentary) The woman in the iddah of death goes out by day and night and spends most of the night in her own home, because her maintenance is on herself, so she needs to go out. If she has enough to live on, she becomes like the divorced woman and may not go out (al-Fatḥ). al-Qunyah allows her to go out to see to what she cannot do without, such as farming, when she has no agent.

  3. 8

    al-Dasūqī, Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr of al-Dardīr (Mālikī), 2:486–487

    Open: al-Dasūqī, Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr of al-Dardīr (Mālikī), 2:486–487 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 8

    (قَوْلُهُ وَجَازَ لَهَا) (الْخُرُوجُ) فِي حَوَائِجِهَا طَرَفَيْ النَّهَارِ أَيْ وَأَوْلَى فِي النَّهَارِ وَمَحَلُّ جَوَازِ خُرُوجِهَا فِي طَرَفَيْ النَّهَارِ إنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانُ مَأْمُونًا وَإِلَّا فَلَا تَخْرُجُ فِيهِمَا بَلْ نَهَارًا

    She may go out for her needs at the two ends of the day, and all the more in the day itself; the ends of the day are allowed only if that time is safe, otherwise only by day. Ibn ʿArafah and al-Lakhmī: the measure is the time when people are about, so that wrongdoers do not set their hopes on her.

  4. 9

    al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Shāfiʿī), 5:106

    Open: al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Shāfiʿī), 5:106 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 9

    قُلْت: وَلَهَا الْخُرُوجُ فِي عِدَّةِ وَفَاةٍ، وَكَذَا بَائِنٌ فِي النَّهَارِ لِشِرَاءِ طَعَامٍ وَغَزْلٍ وَنَحْوِهِ، وَكَذَا لَيْلًا إلَى دَارِ جَارَةٍ لِغَزْلٍ وَحَدِيثٍ وَنَحْوِهِمَا بِشَرْطِ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ وَتَبِيتَ فِي بَيْتِهَا

    (al-Minhāj) She may go out in the iddah of death, and so may a finally divorced woman, by day to buy food, yarn and the like, and at night to a neighbor's house for spinning, talk and the like, on condition that she returns and sleeps in her own home.

  5. 10

    al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Shāfiʿī), 5:106

    Open: al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Shāfiʿī), 5:106 ↗checked Oct 18, 2026
    Read the passage: source 10

    وَضَابِطُ ذَلِكَ كُلُّ مُعْتَدَّةٍ لَا تَجِبُ نَفَقَتُهَا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مَنْ يَقْضِيهَا حَاجَتَهَا لَهَا الْخُرُوجُ (فِي النَّهَارِ لِشِرَاءِ طَعَامٍ) وَقُطْنٍ وَكَتَّانٍ (وَ) بَيْعِ (غَزْلٍ وَنَحْوِهِ) لِلْحَاجَةِ إلَى ذَلِكَ

    al-Shirbīnī's rule: every woman in iddah whose maintenance is not owed to her and who has no one to see to her needs may go out by day to buy food, cotton and linen and to sell yarn and the like, because she needs to.

Pending scholarly reviewSources checked (7 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1448)

Every point here is from the sources cited. It has not yet been reviewed by a scholar. Not a fatwā. Something wrong? Email us. Please don’t include personal details.